LNMP第六节（6月13日）

12.21 php-fpm的pool
12.22 php-fpm慢执行日志
12.23 open_basedir
12.24 php-fpm进程管理

12.21 php-fpm的pool

pool 池子可以监听不同的IP或者sock，假如服务器上有多个站点并同时一个池子来监听，当某个站点出现问题来耗尽系统资源时候，其他站点也会收到牵连。为了解决这个问题，可以设置多个pool让每个站点来使用独立的pool来监听。

步骤

1.进入php-fpm配置文件

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf

2.再添加一个池子

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[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024

[kun1]
listen = /tmp/kun1.sock
listen.mode = 666
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024

这里添加了一个kun1的pool

3.检查语法并加载配置文件

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[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload    ##重新加载服务

4.查看是否启动两个池子

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[root@localhost ~]# ps aux |grep php-fpm

5.让每个网站来定义独立的池子

这里我让test1.com定义www test2.com定义kun1

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test1.com.conf

server
{
    listen 80 default_server;
    server_name test1.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /var/www/test1;

    location ~ \.php$
        {
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-fcgi.sock;
        #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/test1$fastcgi_script_name;
        }

}

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/vhost/test2.com.conf

server
{
    listen 80;
    server_name test2.com 111.com 222.com www.test2.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root /var/www/test2;

    location ~ \.php$
        {
        include fastcgi_params;
        fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/kun1.sock;
        #fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /var/www/test2$fastcgi_script_name;
        }
}

为了让php-fpm的内容看起来简洁明了，可以让每个pool来建立对应的conf文件，和Nginx的定义多个站点类似

步骤

1.在php-fpm配置文件中添加include语句 

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.conf

[global]
pid = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/run/php-fpm.pid
error_log = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/php-fpm.log
include = /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf

2.建立对应的目录和池

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[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/

3.把对应的池子的配置写入池子的文件中

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/kun1.conf

[kun1]
listen = /tmp/kun1.sock
listen.mode = 666
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024

4.检查语法并加载配置文件

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[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload    ##重新加载服务

5.查看池子是否启动

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[root@localhost ~]# ps aux |grep php-fpm

12.22 php-fpm慢执行日志

PHP的网站架构一般推荐使用LNMP，主要原因在于可以查看慢执行日志来分析网站变慢的原因。

步骤

1.在php-fpm配置文件添加语句

这里以站点test1.com为例子 对应他的php-fpm的配置文件是www.conf

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
request_slowlog_timeout = 1
slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/test1-slow.log

request_slowlog_timeout表示超多指定秒数就记录日志 slowlog表示日志存放路径

2.检查语法并加载配置文件

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[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload    ##重新加载服务

测试

我们在test1.com站点中添加sleep.php页面，添加下面配置 test1.com的目录在/var/www/test1.com/下

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/www/test1/sleep.php

<?php
echo "test slow log";
sleep(2);
echo "done";
?>

使用curl命令访问sleep.php

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[root@localhost ~]# curl -x 192.168.80.102:80 test1.com/sleep.php
test slow logdone

看看慢执行日志

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[root@localhost ~]# tail /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/test1-slow.log

[13-Jun-2018 21:01:39]  [pool www] pid 1757
script_filename = /var/www/test1/sleep.php  ##哪个脚本慢
[0x00007fbff8014090] sleep() /var/www/test1/sleep.php:3  ##脚本中哪行慢

12.23 open_basedir

open_basedir用来限制站点的目录。在LAMP中定义open_basedir是使用php.ini定义的，但多个站点时候就在站点定义的conf文件中定义。在LNMP架构中，我们定义open_basedir可以针对对应的池子里面定义，这样对应的的站点就会使用相应的open_basedir指定的目录来活动。

步骤

1.以test1.com站点为例，进入相应池子的配置文件中添加open_basedir语句

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf

[www]
listen = /tmp/php-fcgi.sock
listen.mode = 666
;listen = 127.0.0.1:9000
user = php-fpm
group = php-fpm
pm = dynamic
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 20
pm.min_spare_servers = 5
pm.max_spare_servers = 35
pm.max_requests = 500
rlimit_files = 1024
request_slowlog_timeout = 1
slowlog = /usr/local/php-fpm/var/log/test1-slow.log
php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/var/www/test1:/tmp/

2.检查语法并加载配置文件

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[root@localhost ~]# /usr/local/php-fpm/sbin/php-fpm -t
[root@localhost ~]# /etc/init.d/php-fpm reload

测试

创建test.php文件再使用crul命令

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /var/www/test1/test.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

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[root@localhost ~]# curl -x 192.168.80.102:80 test1.com/test.php -I
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2018 14:31:32 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.1.6

把open_basedir的目录路径改错 再试试curl命令

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php_admin_value[open_basedir]=/var/www/atest1:/tmp/

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[root@localhost ~]# curl -x 192.168.80.102:80 test1.com/test.php -I
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Server: nginx/1.8.0
Date: Wed, 13 Jun 2018 14:34:48 GMT
Content-Type: text/html; charset=UTF-8
Connection: keep-alive
X-Powered-By: PHP/7.1.6

显示404状态码

php的错误日志在php.ini的配置文件中配置并找到下面几个参数

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[root@localhost ~]# vim /usr/local/php-fpm/etc/php.ini

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log_errors = On   ##定义启动错误日志，默认启动

error_log = /tmp/php_errors.log  ##定义PHP错误日志的路径

error_reporting = E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE    ##定义错误日志记录的内容 E_ALL & ~E_NOTICE指除了notice其他都记录

看看PHP的错误日志

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[root@localhost ~]# tail /tmp/php_error.log
[13-Jun-2018 14:44:54 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: open_basedir restriction in effect. File(/var/www/test1/test.php) is not within the allowed path(s): (/var/www/atest1:/tmp/) in Unknown on line 0
[13-Jun-2018 14:44:54 UTC] PHP Warning:  Unknown: failed to open stream: Operation not permitted in Unknown on line 0

日志显示目录路径和open_basedir定义的路径不一致，因此把路径改一致就可以了

12.24 php-fpm进程管理

参数 含义
pm = dynamic 动态进程管理，也可以是static
pm.max_children = 50 最大子进程数，ps aux可以查看
pm.start_servers = 20 启动服务时会启动的进程数
pm.min_spare_servers = 5 定义在空闲时段，子进程数的最少数量，如果达到这个数值时，php-fpm服务会自动派生新的子进程。
pm.max_spare_servers = 35 定义在空闲时段，子进程数的最大值，如果高于这个数值就开始清理空闲的子进程。
pm.max_requests = 500 定义一个子进程最多处理的请求数，也就是说在一个php-fpm的子进程最多可以处理这么多请求，当达到这个数值时，它会自动退出。

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